The piston is returned to the cylinder top (Top Dead Center) (TDC) by a flywheel, the power from other pistons connected to the same shaft or (in a double acting cylinder) by the same process acting on the other side of the piston. This position is also known as the Bottom Dead Center (BDC), or where the piston forms the largest volume in the cylinder. The hot gases expand, pushing the piston to the bottom of the cylinder. steam engine), or heated inside the cylinder either by ignition of a fuel air mixture ( internal combustion engine) or by contact with a hot heat exchanger in the cylinder ( Stirling engine). Each piston is inside a cylinder, into which a gas is introduced, either already under pressure (e.g. Common features in all types Ray-traced image of a piston engine Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then or earlier. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution and the Stirling engine for niche applications. This article describes the common features of all types. A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion.
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